Verb tenses: SIMPLE PRESENT

FORM

The simple present has a very easy form. The form is the following one:

(VERB)+s/es in the third person.

Examples:

I speak English

You speak English

He/she/it speaks English

We speak English

You speak English

They speak English

We are going to see several rules for adding -s to the third person singular

1. Verbs ending in -y: When a verb ends in y immediately preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to ie before the ending s is added. In each of the following examples, the consonant immediately preceding the final y is underlined. 

Examples:

Study --------> Studies

Fly ----------> Flies

2. When a verb ends in y immediately preceded by a vowel, the y is not changed before the ending s is added. In each of the following examples, the vowel immediately preceding the final y is underlined.

Examples:

Play --------> Plays

Say ----------> Says

3. When the verb ends with a silent 'e', the ending s is added.

Examples:

Close --------> Closes

Note ----------> Notes

4. When the verb ends in 'o', we have to add '-es'

Examples:

Do --------> Does

Go ---------->Goes

5. If the verb ends in 's','z','sh', 'tch' or 'ch' we have to add '-es'

Examples

Miss-------->Misses
Buzz-------->Buzzes
Hatch------->Hatches
Finish------>Finishes
Teach------->Teaches

Silent e	Vowel + y	Consonant + y	Verbs ending in o	Verbs ending in s, z, sh, tch, ch
close = closes  note = notes	play = plays say = says	study = studies  marry = marries	go = goes  do = does	miss = misses buzz = buzzes hatch = hatches  finish = finishes teach = teaches

We use do/does to make questions and negative sentences:

Questions: 

Do you work?

Does she speak English?

Negative sentences:

You do not (don't) work.
She does not (doesn't) work.

USES

1. Repeated actions. We use the present simple when an action is repeated or usual. That action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily or scheduled event, or something that often happens. Examples:

I play tennis. 

The train leaves everymorning at 12 o'clock.

He plays tennis everyday.

2. Facts or generalizations. The present simple is used when talking about things which are true in general. Examples.

The earth goes round the sun.

Nurses look after patiens in hospitals.

Cats like milk.

3. Scheduled events in the near future. We sometimes use the present simple to talk about scheduled events in a near future. This is commonly used when talking about public transportation. Examples:

The train leaves tonight at 11 pm.

What time does the bus arrive tomorrow?

4. Suggestions. We can use the present simple to make suggestions. You can say Why don't you...? Example:

- I'm tired.

- Why don't you go to bed early?

Exercises:

https://www.dropbox.com/s/kahqy5twirkhebf/01.%20Grammar%20-%20Present%20Simple.doc?dl=0

https://www.dropbox.com/s/2iaz58m0qe8nfax/PresSimple.doc?dl=0